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Illustration of Hortlak
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Hortlak

Znan tudi kot: hortdan, xortdan, cadı, obur
Folklora in mitiNemrtev1500–1899

Hortlak is the everyday Turkish word for a dead person who climbs back out of the grave. Ottoman judges and muftis were asked to rule on such cases from at least the 16th century and authorised staking or burning the bodies, much as Christian authorities did in the Balkans. Related figures appear among the Azerbaijanis (xortdan) and Tatars. The tradition shows that the walking-corpse panic of south-eastern Europe was shared across the religious frontier.12

Spopadi se z njim
Prvi zapis
1550
Cases involving hortlaks appear in Ottoman kadı court records from the mid-16th century
Izvor
Turkish and wider Turkic
Turčija, Azerbajdžan
Kaj ga povzroča
Nikoli razloženo
The dead person does not stay dead; Ottoman usage often attributes this to the deceased having been a witch (cadı).
Kako postaneš eden od njih
A corpse that fails to decay in the grave, often that of a reputed witch or sorcerer.
Inteligenca
Nekaj inteligence
Šibke točke
  • a stake through the heart or body
  • burning
  • decapitation
  • quicklime poured on the corpse
  • throwing the body into a river

Kdaj se je prvič pojavil?

Antični svetSrednji vek1500–18991900–19671968–19992000–20092010 do danes1550

Cases involving hortlaks appear in Ottoman kadı court records from the mid-16th century

terenski zapiski

Kaj pravijo viri

1

The name comes from the Turkish verb hortlamak, to come up out of the grave12

2

The traveller Evliya Çelebi defined obur as witches, sorcerers and those who rise from their graves12

3

Ottoman fatwas permitted exhuming and destroying corpses that returned to trouble the living12

4

Risen cadıs were blamed for throwing stones, moving objects and possessing animals12

5

In 1826 former Janissaries at Tırnova were publicly branded as risen dead, a case historians read as political12

Viri

  1. Hortdan - Wikipedia
  2. Vampires in Turkish Culture - KÜRE Encyclopedia

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Folklora iz istih krajev

MhachkayTatar and wider Turkic, 1833ÖrekTurkic (Tatar, Bashkir, Turkish, Azerbaijani)

Ista doba: 1500–1899

JiangshiChinese, 1789Zombi (Haitian)Haitian (Vodou folklore), 1750StrigoiRomanian, 1714Vampir (South Slavic)South Slavic (Serbian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Bosnian), 1725AbhartachIrish, 1870Arnold PaoleSerbian, 1732
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